This paper analyzes the social and spatial repercussions of federal policies designed for the Brazilian Eastern Amazon region, in the 20th century. Initially, the paper examines the attempts to re-establish, at a regional level, the dynamics of the rubber production. The new policies developed implemented after the military coup of 1964 and the new policies for the region, adopted after the military regime, as well as the new institutional approach are also analyzed. We conclude with the distribution of federal policies in two large groups, according to their strategy principles: one based on the efficiency of state intervention in the development processes, and another based in the efficiency of the market forces.
